SEA TURTLE CONSERVATION IN BORNEO:
MALAYSIA’S OLDEST AND STRONGEST CONSERVATION LEGACY

Borneo has the longest history of sea turtle conservation in Southeast Asia. The first protection measures began during the British colonial period, leading to the establishment of Turtle Islands Park. Today, Sabah and Sarawak remain the core of Malaysia’s sea turtle protection and research. This presentation traces the long journey of sea turtle conservation in Borneo, from the early hatchery programs and protection of nesting beaches to ongoing community-led initiatives. Sabah’s Turtle Islands Park and Sarawak’s Talang Satang National Park are among the most important nesting sites in the region, supporting the largest populations of green turtles and hawksbill turtles in Malaysia. Beyond nesting sites, Semporna, Kudat and Brunei Bay have been identified as major foraging grounds, hosting a high number of resident green turtles that depend on seagrass and coral reef ecosystems. It also highlights the close collaboration among government agencies, researchers, and coastal communities who work together to protect nesting beaches, reduce illegal trade, and raise public awareness. These collective efforts are strengthened through Malaysia’s Sea Turtle Action Plan, and the Coral Triangle Initiative. The story of Borneo’s sea turtles reflects more than conservation success. It represents a legacy of protection, research, and cooperation that continues to safeguard these ancient mariners for generations to come.